TY - JOUR N1 - Copyright of this article belongs to American Association of Immunologists ID - open1855 UR - http://www.jimmunol.org/content/197/1/244.long IS - 1 A1 - Bhagyaraj, Ella A1 - Nanduri, Ravikanth A1 - Saini, Ankita A1 - Dkhar, Hedwin Kitdorlang A1 - Ahuja, Nancy A1 - Chandra, Vemika A1 - Mahajan, Sahil A1 - Kalra, Rashi A1 - Tiwari, Drishti A1 - Sharma, Charu A1 - Janmeja, Ashok Kumar A1 - Gupta, Pawan Y1 - 2016/07/01/ N2 - Mycobacterium tuberculosis can evade host defense processes, thereby ensuring its survival and pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the role of nuclear receptor, pregnane X receptor (PXR), in M. tuberculosis infection in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In this study, we demonstrate that PXR augments M. tuberculosis survival inside the host macrophages by promoting the foamy macrophage formation and abrogating phagolysosomal fusion, inflammation, and apoptosis. Additionally, M. tuberculosis cell wall lipids, particularly mycolic acids, crosstalk with human PXR (hPXR) by interacting with its promiscuous ligand binding domain. To confirm our in vitro findings and to avoid the reported species barrier in PXR function, we adopted an in vivo mouse model expressing hPXR, wherein expression of hPXR in mice promotes M. tuberculosis survival. Therefore, pharmacological intervention and designing antagonists to hPXR may prove to be a promising adjunct therapy for tuberculosis. PB - American Association of Immunologists JF - Journal of immunology VL - 197 SN - 1550-6606 TI - Human Xenobiotic Nuclear Receptor PXR Augments Mycobacterium tuberculosis Survival. SP - 244 EP - 55 ER -