creators_name: Khan, Nargis
creators_name: Vidyarthi, Aurobind
creators_name: Amir, Mohammed
creators_name: Mushtaq, Khurram
creators_name: Agrewala, Javed Naim
type: article
datestamp: 2018-03-24 04:39:05
lastmod: 2018-11-05 10:03:37
metadata_visibility: show
title: T-cell exhaustion in tuberculosis: pitfalls and prospects
ispublished: pub
subjects: QR
keywords: CD4 T-cells; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; PD-1; Tim-3; immunotherapy
note: Copyright of this article Informa Healthcare.
abstract: T-cells play an important role in immunity but when these cells are overexposed to specific antigens, their function may decline. This state is usually referred to as exhaustion and the T-cells show reduced proliferation and functions such as cytokine release. T-cell exhaustion has been observed in several cancers as well as in chronic infections such as tuberculosis (TB). In chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, T-cells may express the exhaustion phenotype and show a progressive loss of secretion of IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α. In some cancers and chronic infection models, blocking the exhaustion phenotype can be achieved with the so-called checkpoint inhibitors. This results in tumor control and more effective immunity. However, in the case of TB, the T-cell exhaustion results are quite ambiguous. Hence, there is a need to investigate and explain the contribution of checkpoint at a molecular level to the outcome of events in chronic TB. Such information could help to guide the success of new therapies against chronic TB. This review highlights the mechanism through which T-cells undergo exhaustion and the approaches that can avert such events. This will help to design immunotherapies that can reinvigorate T-cell potency to protect patients from TB.
date: 2016-11-01
date_type: published
publication: Critical Reviews in Microbiology
volume: 43
number: 2
publisher: Informa Healthcare
pagerange: 133-141
id_number: doi:10.1080/1040841X.2016.1185603
refereed: TRUE
issn: 1040-841X
official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1185603
citation:   Khan, Nargis and Vidyarthi, Aurobind and Amir, Mohammed and Mushtaq, Khurram and Agrewala, Javed Naim  (2016) T-cell exhaustion in tuberculosis: pitfalls and prospects.  Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 43 (2).  pp. 133-141.  ISSN 1040-841X