<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "AIRE promotes androgen-independent prostate cancer by directly regulating IL-6 and modulating tumor microenvironment."^^ . "Early stage prostate cancers are dependent on androgens for their growth and survival and androgen withdrawal causes them to regress. Progressive prostate cancers eventually acquire androgen independence rendering anti-androgen therapy ineffective. However, the factors leading to this have not been adequately addressed. This study shows that AIRE finds differential expression in androgen-dependent and -independent prostate cancer cells. AIRE expression is more in androgen-independent cells due to its regulation by transcription factor Elk-1. These enhanced levels of AIRE modulate the prostate tumor microenvironment by transcriptionally activating a malignancy gene IL-6 in androgen-independent cells. Additionally, AIRE prevents the cancer cells from anticancer drug-induced death and enhances their invasiveness. Moreover, AIRE by modulating the cytokine milieu skews the tumor-associated macrophage polarization towards M2 phenotype with increased CD206 and CD163 expression. Subcutaneous mouse model of prostate cancer revealed AIRE mice forming a palpable tumor and presents lymphadenopathy however, only a small benign tumor is observed in AIRE mice and lymph nodes appear normal in size. In conclusion, our findings suggest AIRE as a probable factor in promoting prostate cancer progression."^^ . "2018-05-25" . "7" . "5" . . "Springer Nature"^^ . . . "Oncogenesis"^^ . . . "21579024" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Drishti"^^ . "Tiwari"^^ . "Drishti Tiwari"^^ . . "Neeraj"^^ . "Khatri"^^ . "Neeraj Khatri"^^ . . "Ravikanth"^^ . "Nanduri"^^ . "Ravikanth Nanduri"^^ . . "Anuja P"^^ . "Chacko"^^ . "Anuja P Chacko"^^ . . "Monika"^^ . "Jain"^^ . "Monika Jain"^^ . . "Pawan"^^ . "Gupta"^^ . "Pawan Gupta"^^ . . "Ella"^^ . "Bhagyaraj"^^ . "Ella Bhagyaraj"^^ . . "Rashi"^^ . "Kalra"^^ . "Rashi Kalra"^^ . . "Sahil"^^ . "Mahajan"^^ . "Sahil Mahajan"^^ . . . . . "HTML Summary of #2184 \n\nAIRE promotes androgen-independent prostate cancer by directly regulating IL-6 and modulating tumor microenvironment.\n\n" . "text/html" . . . "QR Microbiology"@en . .