@article{open2648,
          volume = {168},
          number = {1},
           month = {January},
          author = {Ranjan Kumar Maurya and M.A. Alam and Ahmed Nadeem and Rahul Prajesh and Megha Choudhury and Vijayender Bhalla and Ajay Agrawal},
            note = {The copyright of this article belongs to IOP Science Publishing.},
           title = {Sensitivity Enhancement of Electrochemical Biosensor for Point of Care (POC) Applications: Vi Antigen Detection as a Case Study},
       publisher = {IOP Science Publishing},
            year = {2021},
         journal = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
             url = {http://crdd.osdd.net/open/2648/},
        abstract = {A novel approach for signal enhancement of electrochemical biosensors by incorporating mechanical vibrations has been developed. We report the electrochemical study of the ferricyanide and ferrocyanide \${$\backslash$}left({$\backslash$},\{{$\backslash$}left[\{{$\backslash$}rm\{Fe\}\}\{{$\backslash$}left(\{{$\backslash$}rm\{CN\}\}{$\backslash$}right)\}\_\{6\}{$\backslash$}right]\}{\^{ }}\{-3/-4\}{$\backslash$}right)\$ a redox couple, at room temperature ({\texttt{\char126}}25 ?C), under the effect of mechanical vibrations of different frequencies applied to the sensor, for sensitivity enhancement. The experimental results showed a sensitivity enhancement of {\texttt{\char126}}332\% (from \$3.125{$\backslash$},\{{$\backslash$}rm\{nA\}\}{$\backslash$},{$\backslash$}mu \{\{{$\backslash$}rm\{M\}\}\}{\^{ }}\{-1\}\$ to \$13.5{$\backslash$},\{{$\backslash$}rm\{nA\}\}{$\backslash$},{$\backslash$}mu \{\{{$\backslash$}rm\{M\}\}\}{\^{ }}\{-1\}\$) at 88.75 Hz of vibration. This novel approach of signal sensitivity enhancement is also validated with antibody immobilization-based Vi antigen detection for typhoid assessment. The sensitivity enhancement up to {\texttt{\char126}}15\% is achieved for Vi antigen detection under the mechanical vibration of 120 Hz. The sensor is fabricated using microfabrication technology. The vibration-assisted ultrasensitive biosensing platform is also prototyped as a portable and Internet of Thing (IoT) enabled device, suitable for point-of-care applications. Detailed features of the prototype along with the test results are elaborated in the paper.}
}