@article{open2659,
          volume = {11},
          number = {2},
           month = {February},
          author = {Ramesh Chaudhari and Nikunj Tandel and Kiran Sahu and Sushmita Negi and Hilal Bashir and Arzu Rupareliya and Ravi Pn Mishra and Sarat K. Dalai and Rajeev K Tyagi},
            note = {Open Access},
           title = {Transdermal Immunization of Elastic Liposome-Laden Recombinant Chimeric Fusion Protein of P. falciparum (PfMSP-Fu(24)) Mounts Protective Immune Response},
       publisher = {MDPI},
            year = {2021},
         journal = {Nanomaterials},
           pages = {1--23},
        keywords = {PfMSP-Fu24; elastic liposomes; humoral and cellular immunity; malaria; vaccine.},
             url = {http://crdd.osdd.net/open/2659/},
        abstract = {Transdermal immunization exhibits poor immunogenic responses due to poor permeability of antigens through the skin. Elastic liposomes, the ultradeformable nanoscale lipid vesicles, overcome the permeability issues and prove a versatile nanocarrier for transcutaneous delivery of protein, peptide, and nucleic acid antigens. Elastic liposome-mediated subcutaneous delivery of chimeric fusion protein (PfMSP-Fu(24)) of Plasmodium falciparum exhibited improved immunogenic responses. Elastic liposomes-mediated immunization of PfMSP-Fu(24) conferred immunity to the asexual blood-stage infection. Present study is an attempt to compare the protective immune response mounted by the PfMSP-Fu(24) upon administered through transdermal and intramuscular routes. Humoral and cell-mediated immune (CMI) response elicited by topical and intramuscularly administered PfMSP-Fu(24)-laden elastic liposomes (EL-PfMSP-Fu(24)) were compared and normalized with the vehicle control. Sizeable immune responses were seen with the transcutaneously immunized EL-PfMSP-Fu(24) and compared with those elicited with intramuscularly administered antigen. Our results show significant IgG isotype subclass (IgG1and IgG3) response of specific antibody levels as well as cell-mediated immunity (CMI) activating factor (IFN-gamma), a crucial player in conferring resistance to blood-stage malaria in mice receiving EL-PfMSP-Fu(24) through transdermal route as compared to the intramuscularly administered formulation. Heightened immune response obtained by the vaccination of EL-PfMSP-Fu(24) was complemented by the quantification of the transcript (mRNA) levels cell-mediated (IFN-gamma, IL-4), and regulatory immune response (IL-10) in the lymph nodes and spleen. Collectively, elastic liposomes prove their immune-adjuvant property as they evoke sizeable and perdurable immune response against PfMSP-Fu(24) and justify its potential for the improved vaccine delivery to inducing both humoral and CM immune response.}
}