creators_name: Kalra, Rashi
creators_name: Tiwari, Drishti
creators_name: Dkhar, H Kitdorlang
creators_name: Bhagyaraj, Ella
creators_name: Kumar, Rajesh
creators_name: Bhardwaj, Anshu
creators_name: Gupta, Pawan
type: article
datestamp: 2023-06-07 10:44:41
lastmod: 2023-06-07 10:44:41
metadata_visibility: show
title: Host factors subverted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Potential targets for host directed therapy
ispublished: pub
subjects: QR
keywords: Host directed therapy (HDT); host epigenetic machinery; host transcription factors (TFs); host-pathogen interaction; tuberculosis (TB).
note: The copyright of this article belongs to Taylor and Francis Online 
abstract: ntroduction: Despite new approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB), it continues to be a major health burden. Several immunotherapies that potentiate the immune response have come up as adjuncts to drug therapies against drug resistant TB strains; however, there needs to be an urgent appraisal of host specific drug targets for improving their clinical management and to curtail disease progression. Presently, various host directed therapies (HDTs) exist (repurposed drugs, nutraceuticals, monoclonal antibodies and immunomodulatory agents), but these mostly address molecules that combat disease progression.

Areas covered: The current review discusses major Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) survival paradigms inside the host and presents a plethora of host targets subverted by M. tuberculosis which can be further explored for future HDTs. The host factors unique to M. tuberculosis infection (in humans) have also been identified through an in-silico interaction mapping.

Expert opinion: HDTs could become the next-generation adjunct therapies in order to counter antimicrobial resistance and virulence, as well as to reduce the duration of existing TB treatments. However, current scientific efforts are largely directed toward combatants rather than host molecules co-opted by M. tuberculosis for its survival. This might drive the immune system to a hyper-inflammatory condition; therefore, we emphasize that host factors subverted by M. tuberculosis, and their subsequent neutralization, must be considered for development of better HDTs.
date: 2023
date_type: published
publication: International reviews of immunology
volume: 42
number: 1
publisher: Taylor and Francis Online 
pagerange: 43-70
refereed: TRUE
official_url: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08830185.2021.1990277?journalCode=iiri20
citation:   Kalra, Rashi and Tiwari, Drishti and Dkhar, H Kitdorlang and Bhagyaraj, Ella and Kumar, Rajesh and Bhardwaj, Anshu and Gupta, Pawan  (2023) Host factors subverted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Potential targets for host directed therapy.  International reviews of immunology, 42 (1).  pp. 43-70.