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primary topic: Genomic and functional characterization of multidrug-resistant E. coli: Insights into resistome, virulome, and signaling systems

Genomic and functional characterization of multidrug-resistant E. coli: Insights into resistome, virulome, and signaling systems
type: AcademicArticle
type: Article
abstract: Introduction: Genetic plasticity and adaptive camouflage in critical pathogens have contributed to the global surge in multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections, posing a serious threat to public health and therapeutic efficacy. Antimicrobial resistance, now a leading cause of global mortality, demands urgent action through diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutics. In India, the Indian Council of Medical Research's surveillance network identifies Escherichia coli as a major cause of urinary tract infections, with increasing prevalence in human gut microbiomes, highlighting its significance across One Health domains. Methods: Whole-genome sequencing of E. coli strain ECG015, isolated from a human gut sample, was performed using the Illumina NextSeq platform. Results: Genomic analysis revealed multiple antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, and efflux pump components. Phylogenomic comparisons showed close relatedness to pathovars from both human and animal origins. Notably the genome encoded protein tyrosine kinases (Etk/Ptk and Wzc) and displayed variations in the envelope stress-responsive CpxAR two-component system. Promoter analysis identified putative CpxR-binding sites upstream of genes involved in resistance, efflux, protein kinases, and the MazEF toxin-antitoxin module, suggesting a potential regulatory role of CpxAR in stress response and persistence. Conclusions: This study presents a comprehensive genomic profile of E. coli ECG015, a gut-derived isolate exhibiting clinically significant resistance traits. For the first time, it implicates the CpxAR two-component system as a potential central regulator coordinating antimicrobial resistance, stress kinase signaling, and programmed cell death. These findings lay the groundwork for future functional studies aimed at targeting stress-response pathways as novel intervention strategies against antimicrobial resistance.
date: 2025-06
volume: 14
issue: 7
author list: authors
type: EPrint
type: ArticleEPrint
is part of: repository

MDPI AG
type: Organization

Antibiotics (Basel)
type: Collection

Mahesh Kumar
type: Person
given name: Mahesh
family name: Kumar

Karthikeyan Krishnan
type: Person
given name: Karthikeyan
family name: Krishnan

Chankit Giri
type: Person
given name: Chankit
family name: Giri

Govindan Rajamohan
type: Person
given name: Govindan
family name: Rajamohan

Vijaya Bharathi Srinivasan
type: Person
given name: Vijaya Bharathi
family name: Srinivasan

Naveenraj Rajasekar
type: Person
given name: Naveenraj
family name: Rajasekar

Balvinder Singh
type: Person
given name: Balvinder
family name: Singh

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primary topic: Genomic and functional characterization of multidrug-resistant E. coli: Insights into resistome, virulome, and signaling systems