==== Reference: Usmani SS, Bedi G, Samuel JS, Singh S, Kalra S, Kumar P, et al. (2017) THPdb: Database of FDA-approved peptide and protein therapeutics. PLoS ONE 12(7) e0181748.====

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Primary information
ThPP IDTh1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein NamePeginterferon alfa-2b
SequenceCDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional ClassificationIb
Molecular Weight31000
Chemical FormulaC130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point5.99
HydrophobicityN.A.
Melting Point (℃)61
Half LifeApproximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
DescriptionPeginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/DiseaseUsed for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
PharmacodynamicsUpregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of ActionIt binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
ToxicityN.A.
MetabolismN.A.
AbsorptionAfter a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of DistributionN.A.
ClearanceOral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
CategoriesImmunosuppressive Agents
Patents NumberCA1341567
Date of Issue19/02/08
Date of Expiry19/02/25
Drug InteractionAminophylline. Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
TargetInterferon alpha/beta receptor 1,Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand NamePEG-Intron
CompanySchering Corp
Brand DiscriptionPegIntron is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol. The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PegIntron molecule is approxim
Prescribed forUsed to treat chronic hepatitis C in adults. Peginterferon alfa-2b is often used in combination with another medication called ribavirin (Rebetol, Ribasphere) to treat hepatitis C in adults and children who are at least 3 years old. It may be used in comb
Chemical NameN.A.
FormulationProvided in both vials and the REDIPEN. Each vial contains either 74 mcg, 118.4 mcg, 177.6 mcg, or 222 mcg of PegIntron as a white to off-white tablet-like solid that is whole/in pieces or as a loose powder, and 1.11 mg dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous,
Physcial AppearncePowder
Route of AdministrationSubcutaneous Injection
Recommended Dosage1.5 mcg/kg/week. The volume of PegIntron to be injected depends on the strength of PegIntron and patient's body weight
ContraindicationAllergic or in case of having autoimmune hepatitis, liver failure, severe kidney disease, a hemoglobin blood cell disorder
Side EffectsVision problems; fast heart rate, feeling like you might pass out; unusual weakness; high fever with severe stomach pain and bloody diarrhea; pain or burning when you urinate; severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting and new or worsening liver symptoms.
Useful Linkhttp://www.drugs.com/peg-intron.html
PubMed ID26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D StructureTh1019 (View) or (Download)