Detailed description page of THPdb

Details of Th1019 which contains 7 entries.

Entry 1
(1) Primary information
ID 1135
ThPP ID Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification Ib
Molecular Weight 31000
Chemical Formula C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point 5.99
Hydrophobicity N.A.
Melting Point (℃) 61
Half Life Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity N.A.
Metabolism N.A.
Absorption After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution N.A.
Clearance Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number CA1341567
Date of Issue 19/02/08
Date of Expiry 19/02/25
Drug Interaction Aminophylline. Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1,Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name PEG-Intron
Company Schering Corp
Brand Discription PegIntron is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol. The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PegIntron molecule is approxim
Prescribed for Used to treat chronic hepatitis C in adults. Peginterferon alfa-2b is often used in combination with another medication called ribavirin (Rebetol, Ribasphere) to treat hepatitis C in adults and children who are at least 3 years old. It may be used in comb
Chemical Name N.A.
Formulation Provided in both vials and the REDIPEN. Each vial contains either 74 mcg, 118.4 mcg, 177.6 mcg, or 222 mcg of PegIntron as a white to off-white tablet-like solid that is whole/in pieces or as a loose powder, and 1.11 mg dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous,
Physcial Appearance Powder
Route of Administration Subcutaneous Injection
Recommended Dosage 1.5 mcg/kg/week. The volume of PegIntron to be injected depends on the strength of PegIntron and patient's body weight
Contraindication Allergic or in case of having autoimmune hepatitis, liver failure, severe kidney disease, a hemoglobin blood cell disorder
Side Effects Vision problems; fast heart rate, feeling like you might pass out; unusual weakness; high fever with severe stomach pain and bloody diarrhea; pain or burning when you urinate; severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting and new or worsening liver symptoms.
Useful Link http://www.drugs.com/peg-intron.html
PubMed ID 26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure Th1019 (View) or (Download)

Entry 2
(2) Primary information
ID 1136
ThPP ID Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification Ib
Molecular Weight 31000
Chemical Formula C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point 5.99
Hydrophobicity N.A.
Melting Point (℃) 61
Half Life Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity N.A.
Metabolism N.A.
Absorption After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution N.A.
Clearance Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number CA2329474
Date of Issue 0002-02-26
Date of Expiry 31/10/16
Drug Interaction Dyphylline.Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name N.A.
Company N.A.
Brand Discription N.A.
Prescribed for N.A.
Chemical Name N.A.
Formulation N.A.
Physcial Appearance N.A.
Route of Administration N.A.
Recommended Dosage N.A.
Contraindication N.A.
Side Effects Headache, joint or muscle pain; nausea, dry mouth, loss of appetite, weight loss; dizziness, sleep problems (insomnia), feeling mildly anxious, depressed, or irritable; or pain, redness, swelling, or irritation where the medicine was injected.
Useful Link http://www.rxlist.com/peg-intron-drug.htm
PubMed ID 26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure Th1019 (View) or (Download)

Entry 3
(3) Primary information
ID 1137
ThPP ID Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification Ib
Molecular Weight 31000
Chemical Formula C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point 5.99
Hydrophobicity N.A.
Melting Point (℃) 61
Half Life Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity N.A.
Metabolism N.A.
Absorption After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution N.A.
Clearance Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number N.A.
Date of Issue N.A.
Date of Expiry N.A.
Drug Interaction Oxtriphylline. Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name N.A.
Company N.A.
Brand Discription N.A.
Prescribed for N.A.
Chemical Name N.A.
Formulation N.A.
Physcial Appearance N.A.
Route of Administration N.A.
Recommended Dosage N.A.
Contraindication N.A.
Side Effects N.A.
Useful Link N.A.
PubMed ID 26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure Th1019 (View) or (Download)

Entry 4
(4) Primary information
ID 1138
ThPP ID Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification Ib
Molecular Weight 31000
Chemical Formula C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point 5.99
Hydrophobicity N.A.
Melting Point (℃) 61
Half Life Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity N.A.
Metabolism N.A.
Absorption After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution N.A.
Clearance Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number N.A.
Date of Issue N.A.
Date of Expiry N.A.
Drug Interaction Theophylline. Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name N.A.
Company N.A.
Brand Discription N.A.
Prescribed for N.A.
Chemical Name N.A.
Formulation N.A.
Physcial Appearance N.A.
Route of Administration N.A.
Recommended Dosage N.A.
Contraindication N.A.
Side Effects N.A.
Useful Link N.A.
PubMed ID 26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure Th1019 (View) or (Download)

Entry 5
(5) Primary information
ID 1139
ThPP ID Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification Ib
Molecular Weight 31000
Chemical Formula C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point 5.99
Hydrophobicity N.A.
Melting Point (℃) 61
Half Life Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity N.A.
Metabolism N.A.
Absorption After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution N.A.
Clearance Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number N.A.
Date of Issue N.A.
Date of Expiry N.A.
Drug Interaction Aldesleukin
Target N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name Unitron PEG
Company N.A.
Brand Discription Unitron Peg belongs to the group of medications known as interferons.
Prescribed for It is used to treat chronic hepatitis C (a disease of the liver) for people who cannot tolerate or use the antiviral medication, ribavirin. The most effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C is the combination of an interferon and ribavirin. Unitron Peg
Chemical Name N.A.
Formulation N.A.
Physcial Appearance Lyophilized powder
Route of Administration Subcutaneous Injection
Recommended Dosage Its Subcutaneous injection once a week on the same day of the week for 48 weeks. Dosing is based on body weight. Treatment with this medication should be stopped if no response is noticed after 6 months.
Contraindication Allergic
Side Effects Abdominal pain or swelling, anemia (paleness, tiredness, shortness of breath), changes in mood (e.g., irritability, depression, anxiety, aggression), confusion, dizziness, eye pain or swelling of the eye, high blood sugar (increased thirst, hunger, weakness, irritability, trouble concentrating, signs of infection (e.g., chills, fever, cough, sore throat, difficulty or painful urination, difficulty breathing), burning sensation in arms or legs, ulcers in mouth or sore throats.
Useful Link http://chealth.canoe.ca/drug_info_details.asp?brand_name_id=1812
PubMed ID 26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure Th1019 (View) or (Download)

Entry 6
(6) Primary information
ID 1140
ThPP ID Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification Ib
Molecular Weight 31000
Chemical Formula C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point 5.99
Hydrophobicity N.A.
Melting Point (℃) 61
Half Life Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity N.A.
Metabolism N.A.
Absorption After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution N.A.
Clearance Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number N.A.
Date of Issue N.A.
Date of Expiry N.A.
Drug Interaction Telbivudine
Target N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name N.A.
Company N.A.
Brand Discription N.A.
Prescribed for N.A.
Chemical Name N.A.
Formulation N.A.
Physcial Appearance N.A.
Route of Administration N.A.
Recommended Dosage N.A.
Contraindication Person having decompensated liver disease, epilepsy (seizures), autoimmune diseases (including autoimmune hepatitis), severe psychiatric conditions, severely reduced kidney function and thyroid disease, when medication cannot bring thyroid function in
Side Effects Signs of infection (e.g., chills, fever, cough, sore throat, difficulty or painful urination, difficulty breathing), tingling or burning sensation in arms or legs, ulcers or sores in the mouth or throat, unusual bruising or bleeding (e.g., bleeding gums,
Useful Link http://www.medicatione.com/?c=drug&s=unitron%20peg
PubMed ID 26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure Th1019 (View) or (Download)

Entry 7
(7) Primary information
ID 1141
ThPP ID Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification Ib
Molecular Weight 31000
Chemical Formula C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point 5.99
Hydrophobicity N.A.
Melting Point (℃) 61
Half Life Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity N.A.
Metabolism N.A.
Absorption After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution N.A.
Clearance Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number N.A.
Date of Issue N.A.
Date of Expiry N.A.
Drug Interaction Theophylline
Target N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name N.A.
Company N.A.
Brand Discription N.A.
Prescribed for N.A.
Chemical Name N.A.
Formulation N.A.
Physcial Appearance N.A.
Route of Administration N.A.
Recommended Dosage N.A.
Contraindication N.A.
Side Effects Decreased desire for sexual activities, drowsiness, dry mouth, dry skin, flu-like symptoms (unusual tiredness, fever, chills, muscle aches, joint pain and headaches), flushing of the skin, indigestion, loss of appetite, nausea, pain in bones, joints, or muscle stiffness.
Useful Link http://www.igenericdrugs.com/?s=unitron%20peg
PubMed ID 26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure Th1019 (View) or (Download)

OSDDlinux

Raghava's Group

IMTECH

CSIR

CRDD
CPPSITE 2.0

(1) Primary information
Entry 1
ID	1135
ThPP ID	Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name	Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence	CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification	Ib
Molecular Weight	31000
Chemical Formula	C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point	5.99
Hydrophobicity	N.A.
Melting Point (℃)	61
Half Life	Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description	Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease	Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics	Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action	It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity	N.A.
Metabolism	N.A.
Absorption	After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution	N.A.
Clearance	Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories	Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number	CA1341567
Date of Issue	19/02/08
Date of Expiry	19/02/25
Drug Interaction	Aminophylline. Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target	Interferon alpha/beta receptor 1,Interferon alpha/beta receptor 2
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name	PEG-Intron
Company	Schering Corp
Brand Discription	PegIntron is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol. The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PegIntron molecule is approxim
Prescribed for	Used to treat chronic hepatitis C in adults. Peginterferon alfa-2b is often used in combination with another medication called ribavirin (Rebetol, Ribasphere) to treat hepatitis C in adults and children who are at least 3 years old. It may be used in comb
Chemical Name	N.A.
Formulation	Provided in both vials and the REDIPEN. Each vial contains either 74 mcg, 118.4 mcg, 177.6 mcg, or 222 mcg of PegIntron as a white to off-white tablet-like solid that is whole/in pieces or as a loose powder, and 1.11 mg dibasic sodium phosphate anhydrous,
Physcial Appearance	Powder
Route of Administration	Subcutaneous Injection
Recommended Dosage	1.5 mcg/kg/week. The volume of PegIntron to be injected depends on the strength of PegIntron and patient's body weight
Contraindication	Allergic or in case of having autoimmune hepatitis, liver failure, severe kidney disease, a hemoglobin blood cell disorder
Side Effects	Vision problems; fast heart rate, feeling like you might pass out; unusual weakness; high fever with severe stomach pain and bloody diarrhea; pain or burning when you urinate; severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting and new or worsening liver symptoms.
Useful Link	http://www.drugs.com/peg-intron.html
PubMed ID	26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure	Th1019 (View) or (Download)

(2) Primary information
Entry 2
ID	1136
ThPP ID	Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name	Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence	CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification	Ib
Molecular Weight	31000
Chemical Formula	C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point	5.99
Hydrophobicity	N.A.
Melting Point (℃)	61
Half Life	Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description	Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease	Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics	Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action	It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity	N.A.
Metabolism	N.A.
Absorption	After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution	N.A.
Clearance	Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories	Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number	CA2329474
Date of Issue	0002-02-26
Date of Expiry	31/10/16
Drug Interaction	Dyphylline.Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target	N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name	N.A.
Company	N.A.
Brand Discription	N.A.
Prescribed for	N.A.
Chemical Name	N.A.
Formulation	N.A.
Physcial Appearance	N.A.
Route of Administration	N.A.
Recommended Dosage	N.A.
Contraindication	N.A.
Side Effects	Headache, joint or muscle pain; nausea, dry mouth, loss of appetite, weight loss; dizziness, sleep problems (insomnia), feeling mildly anxious, depressed, or irritable; or pain, redness, swelling, or irritation where the medicine was injected.
Useful Link	http://www.rxlist.com/peg-intron-drug.htm
PubMed ID	26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure	Th1019 (View) or (Download)

(3) Primary information
Entry 3
ID	1137
ThPP ID	Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name	Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence	CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification	Ib
Molecular Weight	31000
Chemical Formula	C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point	5.99
Hydrophobicity	N.A.
Melting Point (℃)	61
Half Life	Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description	Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease	Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics	Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action	It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity	N.A.
Metabolism	N.A.
Absorption	After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution	N.A.
Clearance	Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories	Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number	N.A.
Date of Issue	N.A.
Date of Expiry	N.A.
Drug Interaction	Oxtriphylline. Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target	N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name	N.A.
Company	N.A.
Brand Discription	N.A.
Prescribed for	N.A.
Chemical Name	N.A.
Formulation	N.A.
Physcial Appearance	N.A.
Route of Administration	N.A.
Recommended Dosage	N.A.
Contraindication	N.A.
Side Effects	N.A.
Useful Link	N.A.
PubMed ID	26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure	Th1019 (View) or (Download)

(4) Primary information
Entry 4
ID	1138
ThPP ID	Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name	Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence	CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification	Ib
Molecular Weight	31000
Chemical Formula	C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point	5.99
Hydrophobicity	N.A.
Melting Point (℃)	61
Half Life	Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description	Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease	Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics	Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action	It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity	N.A.
Metabolism	N.A.
Absorption	After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution	N.A.
Clearance	Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories	Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number	N.A.
Date of Issue	N.A.
Date of Expiry	N.A.
Drug Interaction	Theophylline. Interferon increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Target	N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name	N.A.
Company	N.A.
Brand Discription	N.A.
Prescribed for	N.A.
Chemical Name	N.A.
Formulation	N.A.
Physcial Appearance	N.A.
Route of Administration	N.A.
Recommended Dosage	N.A.
Contraindication	N.A.
Side Effects	N.A.
Useful Link	N.A.
PubMed ID	26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure	Th1019 (View) or (Download)

(5) Primary information
Entry 5
ID	1139
ThPP ID	Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name	Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence	CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification	Ib
Molecular Weight	31000
Chemical Formula	C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point	5.99
Hydrophobicity	N.A.
Melting Point (℃)	61
Half Life	Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description	Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease	Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics	Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action	It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity	N.A.
Metabolism	N.A.
Absorption	After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution	N.A.
Clearance	Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories	Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number	N.A.
Date of Issue	N.A.
Date of Expiry	N.A.
Drug Interaction	Aldesleukin
Target	N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name	Unitron PEG
Company	N.A.
Brand Discription	Unitron Peg belongs to the group of medications known as interferons.
Prescribed for	It is used to treat chronic hepatitis C (a disease of the liver) for people who cannot tolerate or use the antiviral medication, ribavirin. The most effective treatment of chronic hepatitis C is the combination of an interferon and ribavirin. Unitron Peg
Chemical Name	N.A.
Formulation	N.A.
Physcial Appearance	Lyophilized powder
Route of Administration	Subcutaneous Injection
Recommended Dosage	Its Subcutaneous injection once a week on the same day of the week for 48 weeks. Dosing is based on body weight. Treatment with this medication should be stopped if no response is noticed after 6 months.
Contraindication	Allergic
Side Effects	Abdominal pain or swelling, anemia (paleness, tiredness, shortness of breath), changes in mood (e.g., irritability, depression, anxiety, aggression), confusion, dizziness, eye pain or swelling of the eye, high blood sugar (increased thirst, hunger, weakness, irritability, trouble concentrating, signs of infection (e.g., chills, fever, cough, sore throat, difficulty or painful urination, difficulty breathing), burning sensation in arms or legs, ulcers in mouth or sore throats.
Useful Link	http://chealth.canoe.ca/drug_info_details.asp?brand_name_id=1812
PubMed ID	26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure	Th1019 (View) or (Download)

(6) Primary information
Entry 6
ID	1140
ThPP ID	Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name	Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence	CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification	Ib
Molecular Weight	31000
Chemical Formula	C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point	5.99
Hydrophobicity	N.A.
Melting Point (℃)	61
Half Life	Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description	Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease	Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics	Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action	It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity	N.A.
Metabolism	N.A.
Absorption	After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution	N.A.
Clearance	Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories	Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number	N.A.
Date of Issue	N.A.
Date of Expiry	N.A.
Drug Interaction	Telbivudine
Target	N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name	N.A.
Company	N.A.
Brand Discription	N.A.
Prescribed for	N.A.
Chemical Name	N.A.
Formulation	N.A.
Physcial Appearance	N.A.
Route of Administration	N.A.
Recommended Dosage	N.A.
Contraindication	Person having decompensated liver disease, epilepsy (seizures), autoimmune diseases (including autoimmune hepatitis), severe psychiatric conditions, severely reduced kidney function and thyroid disease, when medication cannot bring thyroid function in
Side Effects	Signs of infection (e.g., chills, fever, cough, sore throat, difficulty or painful urination, difficulty breathing), tingling or burning sensation in arms or legs, ulcers or sores in the mouth or throat, unusual bruising or bleeding (e.g., bleeding gums,
Useful Link	http://www.medicatione.com/?c=drug&s=unitron%20peg
PubMed ID	26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure	Th1019 (View) or (Download)

(7) Primary information
Entry 7
ID	1141
ThPP ID	Th1019
Therapeutic Peptide/Protein Name	Peginterferon alfa-2b
Sequence	CDLPQTHSLGSRRTLMLLAQMRRISLFSCLKDRHDFGFPQEEFGNQFQKA view full sequnce in fasta
Functional Classification	Ib
Molecular Weight	31000
Chemical Formula	C130H219N43O42
Isoelectric Point	5.99
Hydrophobicity	N.A.
Melting Point (℃)	61
Half Life	Approximately 40 hours (range 22 to 60 hours) in patients with HCV infection
Description	Peginterferon alfa-2b is a covalent conjugate of recombinant alfa-2b interferon with monomethoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG). The average molecular weight of the PEG portion of the molecule is 12,000 daltons. The average molecular weight of the PEG-Intron molecule is approximately 31,000 daltons. The specific activity of peginterferon alfa-2b is approximately 0.7 x 108 IU/mg protein. Interferon alfa-2b is a water-soluble protein with a molecular weight of 19,271 daltons produced by recombinant DNA techniques. It is obtained from the bacterial fermentation of a strain of Escherichia coli bearing a genetically engineered plasmid containing an interferon gene from human leukocytes. The PEG strand protects the molecule in vivo from proteolytic breakdown, substantially increases its in vivo half-life, and reduces immunogenicity by wrapping around and physically hindering access to the protein portion of the molecule.
Indication/Disease	Used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients not previously treated with interferon alpha who have compensated liver disease and are at least 18 years of age.
Pharmacodynamics	Upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Interferon alpha also induce the synthesis of several key antiviral mediators, including 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5 A synthetase) and protein kinase R.
Mechanism of Action	It binds to type I interferon receptors IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c which upon dimerization, activate two Jak (Janus kinase) tyrosine kinases (Jak1 and Tyk2). These transphosphorylate themselves and phosphorylate the receptors. The phosphorylated INFAR receptors then bind to Stat1 and Stat2 (signal transducers and activators of transcription)which dimerize and activate multiple (~100) immunomodulatory and antiviral proteins. Interferon alpha binds less stably to type I interferon receptors than interferon beta.
Toxicity	N.A.
Metabolism	N.A.
Absorption	After a single subcutaneous dose of peginterferon alfa-2b, the mean absorption half-life was 4.6 hours.
Volume of Distribution	N.A.
Clearance	Oral cl=22 mL/hr/kg [patients with HCV infection], Renal elimination accounts for 30% of the clearance.
Categories	Immunosuppressive Agents
Patents Number	N.A.
Date of Issue	N.A.
Date of Expiry	N.A.
Drug Interaction	Theophylline
Target	N.A.
Information of corresponding available drug in the market
Brand Name	N.A.
Company	N.A.
Brand Discription	N.A.
Prescribed for	N.A.
Chemical Name	N.A.
Formulation	N.A.
Physcial Appearance	N.A.
Route of Administration	N.A.
Recommended Dosage	N.A.
Contraindication	N.A.
Side Effects	Decreased desire for sexual activities, drowsiness, dry mouth, dry skin, flu-like symptoms (unusual tiredness, fever, chills, muscle aches, joint pain and headaches), flushing of the skin, indigestion, loss of appetite, nausea, pain in bones, joints, or muscle stiffness.
Useful Link	http://www.igenericdrugs.com/?s=unitron%20peg
PubMed ID	26280154, 26261238, 25771464, 25117425, 25068004, 24974131, 24119723, 24059964, 23746377
3-D Structure	Th1019 (View) or (Download)