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Note: (i) 0 indicates modification in opposite strand. (ii) Multiple modifications are separated bt asterisk (*).

• By modification in sense strand


1. 0


2. 1-Aminohexane* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide


3. 1-Aminohexane* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide* N-hexylhexadecanamide


4. 12-Hydroxydodecyl 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-Methyl-b-D-Glucopyranoside


5. 12-[(2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-methyl-b-D-glucopyranosyloxy)]dodecyl (2-cyanoethyl) (N,N-diisopropyl) phosphoramidite derivative


6. 2,4-bridged nucleic acid* DeoxyThymidine


7. 2,4-bridged nucleic acid* Phosphorothioate* DeoxyThymidine


8. 2,4-bridged nucleic acid* Phosphorothioate* DeoxyThymidine* Cholesterol


9. 2,4-Difluorotoluene


10. 2,4-difluorotoluene ribonucleotide


11. 2,4-Difluorotoluene-2-Deoxyribonucleotide


12. 2-Aminoethoxymethyl


13. 2-Aminoethoxymethyl* 2-Deoxy


14. 2-Aminoethyl


15. 2-Aminopropoxymethyl* 2-Deoxy


16. 2-Aminopurineribonucleotide


17. 2-Deoxy


18. 2-Deoxy* Locked nucleic acid


19. 2-Deoxy-2-Aminopurine-2-Deoxyribonucleotide


20. 2-Deoxy-2-Fluoro


21. 2-Deoxy-2-Fluoro* 2-O-Methyl


22. 2-Deoxy-2-Fluoro-4-Thioarabinonucleic acid


23. 2-Deoxy-2-Fluoroarabinonucleic acid


24. 2-Deoxy-2-fluorouridine


25. 2-Deoxyinosine


26. 2-Deoxynebularine


27. 2-Deoxyribonucleotide


28. 2-Deoxyribonucleotide* 1-Aminohexane


29. 2-Deoxyribonucleotide* Inverted abasic


30. 2-Deoxyribonucleotide* Inverted abasic (Mutation)


31. 2-Deoxyribonucleotide* Inverted thymidine


32. 2-Deoxythymidine


33. 2-Deoxythymidine (Mutation)


34. 2-Deoxythymidine* 5-Amino * 3-Amino


35. 2-Deoxythymidine* Cholesterol


36. 2-Deoxythymidine* Puromycin


37. 2-Fluoro


38. 2-Fluoro* 2-O-Methyl


39. 2-Fluoro* 2-O-Methyl* 5-Phosphate


40. 2-Fluoro* Cholesterol


41. 2-Fluoro* Deoxyinosine


42. 2-Fluoro* Phosphorothioate


43. 2-Fluororibose* 3-O-methylribose* Phosphorothioate


44. 2-Fluororibose* Phosphorothioate


45. 2-Fluororibose* Xylo-3-fluororibose* Phosphorothioate


46. 2-Fluororibose* Xylo-O-methylribose* Phosphorothioate


47. 2-Guanidinoethyl


48. 2-Hydroxyethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-Methyl-b-D-Glucopyranoside


49. 2-N-Adamant-1-yl-Methylcarbonyl-2-Amino-Locked nucleic acid* Locked nucleic acid


50. 2-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)


51. 2-O-(2-methoxyethyl)ribose


52. 2-O-Allyl-ribose


53. 2-O-Aminoethyl-ribose


54. 2-O-Guanidinoethyl-ribose


55. 2-O-Lysylaminohexyl


56. 2-O-Methlyribose


57. 2-O-methoxyethylribose


58. 2-O-Methyl


59. 2-O-Methyl ribose


60. 2-O-Methyl* 2,4-Difluorotoluene* Phosphorothioate


61. 2-O-Methyl* Inverted abasic


62. 2-O-Methyl* Phosphodiester


63. 2-O-Methyl* Phosphorothioate


64. 2-O-Methyl-4-Thioribose* 2-Deoxy


65. 2-O-Methylribose


66. 2-Thiouridine


67. 3-Amino


68. 4-C- Aminomethyl-2-O-Methylribose


69. 4-C-Hydroxymethyl Deoxyribonucleic acid


70. 4-Methylbenzimidazole


71. 4-Thioribose


72. 4-Thioribose* 2-Deoxy


73. 4-Thioribose* Phosphorothioate


74. 4’-thioribose* Phosphothioate


75. 5-Amino


76. 5-Amino* 2-Deoxythymidine


77. 5-Cholesterol


78. 5-Fluoro-2-Deoxyuridine


79. 5-Fluoro-2-Deoxyuridine* Deoxyuridine


80. 5-Fluoro-2-Deoxyuridine* Mismatch


81. 5-Methylcytosine* Locked nucleic acid


82. 5-Nitroindole-2-Deoxyribonucleotide


83. 5-Nitroindoleribonucleotide


84. 5-O-methylthymidine


85. 5-Thio


86. Abasic(2-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran-3-ol)


87. Alfa-L-Locked nucleic acid


88. Altritol nucleic acid


89. Altritol nucleic acid* 2-Deoxy


90. Aminoisonucleotide-Adenine* 2-Deoxythymidine


91. Aminoisonucleotide-thymidine* 2-Deoxythymidine


92. Aminoisonucleotide-thymidine* Aminoisonucleotide-Adenine* 2-Deoxythymidine


93. Anthracene


94. Assymetric siRNA (3-End Overhang)


95. Boranophosphate


96. Boron cluster


97. Cholesterol


98. Cholesterol* 2-O-Methyl* Fluorouridine* Phosphorothioate


99. Cholesterol* Fluorouridine* Phosphorothioate


100. Conjugation bulky group


101. Cyclohexenyl nucleic acid* 2-Deoxythymidine


102. D-Isonucleoside adenosine* 2-Deoxythymidine


103. D-Isonucleoside uracil* 2-Deoxythymidine


104. D-Isonucleoside-uracil* 2-Deoxythymidine


105. Deoxy* 2-Fluoro* Inverted deoxy abasic


106. Deoxyadenine


107. Deoxyadenine* Mismatch


108. DeoxyThymidine


109. DeoxyThymidine* Cholesterol


110. Deoxyuridine


111. Dihydrouridine


112. Dimethoxy-Nitrophenyl Ethyl group


113. Dodecyl derivative


114. Fluorescein* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide


115. Fluorescein* [1,1-Biphenyl]-3,5-dimethanol


116. Fluorobenzene


117. Galactose


118. Glucosamine analogue


119. Hexitol nucleic acid


120. Hexitol nucleic acid* 2-Deoxy


121. Hydroxyphenyl-Conjugated


122. Inosine


123. Inverted abasic* 2-Deoxy


124. Inverted abasic* 2-Deoxy* 2-Fluoro


125. Inverted abasic* 2-Deoxy* 2-Methoxy


126. Inverted abasic* 2-Methoxy


127. L-Isonucleoside adenosine* 2-Deoxythymidine


128. L-isonucleoside thymidine* 2-Deoxythymidine


129. L-Isonucleoside uracil* 2-Deoxythymidine


130. Lauric acid


131. Locked nucleic acid


132. Locked nucleic acid* Cholesterol


133. Locked nucleic acid* Methylcytosine


134. Locked nucleic acid* Phosphate


135. Locked nucleic acid* Small internally segmented RNA


136. Locked nucleic acid* UnLocked nucleic acid


137. Methyl


138. Methyleneamide


139. Morpholinouridine


140. Mutation* 2-O-Methyl


141. Mutation* 2-O-Methyl* Phosphorothioate


142. Mutation* 2-O-Methyl* Phosphorothioate* 2,4-Difluorotoluene


143. Mutation* 5-O-Methyl


144. Mutation* Phosphorothioate


145. Mutation* Phosphorothioate* 2,4-Difluorotoluene


146. N4-Ethyl-N4 2-Deoxy-5-Methylcytidine


147. N6-Ethyl-N6 2-Deoxyadenosine


148. Naphthalene modification


149. Nebularine


150. Oxetane-Locked nucleic acid


151. Palmitic acid


152. Palmitic acid* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide


153. Palmitic acid* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide* Inverted thymidine


154. Peptide nucleic acids


155. Phenyl


156. Phosphodiester


157. Phosphorothioate


158. Phosphorothioate* 2,4-Difluorotoluene


159. Phosphorothioate* 2-O-Fluoro


160. Phosphorothioate* Dimethoxy-Nitrophenyl Ethyl group


161. Pseudouridine


162. Pseudouridine* Dihydrouridine


163. Pyrene modification


164. Serinol nucleic acid


165. Thymidine


166. Thymidine analogue


167. Triazole-linked nucleic acid


168. Triazole-linked nucleic acid* 2-Deoxythymidine


169. Triazole-linked nucleic acid* Cholesterol


170. Triazole-linked nucleic acid* Cholesterol* 2-Deoxythymidine


171. Triazole-linked nucleic acid* Phenyl


172. Triazole-linked nucleic acid* Phenyl* 2-Deoxythymidine


173. Tricyclodeoxyribonucleic acid


174. Trifluoromethylbenzene


175. UnLocked nucleic acid


176. UnLocked nucleic acid* Locked nucleic acid


177. [1,1-Biphenyl]-3,5-dimethanol


178. [1,1-Biphenyl]-3,5-dimethanol* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide


179. [3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-naphthalen-1-ylphenyl]methanol


180. [3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-naphthalen-1-ylphenyl]methanol* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide


181. [3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-naphthalen-1-ylphenyl]methanol* 2-Deoxyribonucleotide* [3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol


182. [3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-naphthalen-1-ylphenyl]methanol* [3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol


183. [3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-phenanthren-9-ylphenyl]methanol


184. [3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-pyren-1-ylphenyl]methanol


185. [3-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol




• By modification position in sense strand


• By modification in antisense strand


• By modification position in antisense strand


• Reference